Process of Software Development

Software are the computer programs that are built by the several short programs compressed together in one bundle. Software are very significant to us as they not only decrease the human work load but they also perform the task with great efficiency and accuracy. And some of the calculations performed by them are beyond our limits so software has great impact on our general life and as well as professional life. Just like a product that is manufactured in the industry has to undergo lot of process one by one similarly the software created has to undergo several phases. So the development of the software is basically known as “Software Development Life Cycle” also known as SDLC.

Software development life cycle or SDLC is basically the architecture of the software development that includes various phases and when a proper structure is imposed using the SDLC then the software development takes place. The various phases of software development are as follows:

Planning,

Designing,

Coding,

Testing,

Documentation,

Deployment,

Maintenance.

So all the software undergoes the above mentioned phases and when all of these are executed properly then software is finally developed and is launched in the market. So let us discuss the development phases one by one:

Planning: It is the first phase of any software development where the ideas are put up. The needs of user or customer is identified and explained to the developers. This phase is very important because the developers get to know that what kind of software has to be developed and what all features are required to that project. One all the requirements are collected the analysis of scope of development is done which is known as scope document. So this is basically a communication phase for developers.

Designing: One all the user requirements are finalized then the designing is done. This includes the decision of the hardware requirements that the software will meet. The programming language that has to be used is also decided. Operating Systems are also taken into consideration for designing the software. The overall software is represented as block diagram and the working is defined that how is software going to look. User interface is also designed in this phase that will allow the user to interact with the software.

Coding: This is the most important phase in any software development process. Here the basic programming is done using the programming languages like java, object oriented C++, C language etc. The user interface is developed and the database if required is also connected and linked to the system. In this phase the website is also developed if in case the promotion has to be done using website. So overall coding phase plays key role in the success of the software.

Testing and Documentation: When software is finally coded then the testing phase is started so that the errors and bugs can be tracked and removed. All the bugs are removed and software is made error free and now it is ready to work on the real life platform. The software is also tested for a week or a month to check its efficiency because it has to be very fast when it is implemented by the user.

Documentation involves the analysis of the models that are used to develop the software. It also includes the writing of external or internal API. Software is managed here.

Deployment and Maintenance: Now finally software is bought into market and is implemented in the real life work. The users start using the software in their professions. Example:Bank software implemented in bank or Library management software implemented in library.

Maintenance involves updating the software from time to time according to customer requirements. Customer needs may change from time to time hence updating the software is also very important. This also help developers to keep in pace with the current technology.

So this is all about the process of development of software and in later posts we will discuss about some models that are followed by the different companies to develop the software like waterfall model or V-model etc. So stay connected.

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Top 5 Open Source Operating Systems

If CPU is the brain of computer then Operating System is the heart of computer. It’s just because of operating system that we are able to work and manipulate files in such a comfortable user interface. So selecting a good operating system is very much important for your computer because there are lots of functions that are performed by an OS. Some of them are: memory management, device management, user interface etc. So coming back to open source, we have great and large number of FOSS operating system available in the market that are absolutely free of cost. FOSS stands for free and open source.

When the user is selecting the FOSS operating system he or she must keep few important points in mind. So these important points are: hardware and software compatibility, commercial support, intended use and the community that has developed that OS. So depending on the work and functionality one can select the open source operating systems that suits best for the job.

Though there are many OS in the domain of open source but today I will take top 5 open source operating system based on my usage and experience. So let’s discuss one by one:

Ubuntu

Ubuntu is one of the most broadly used operating system of the open source platform. Ubuntu is available with the source code and anyone can read and modify the source code. Ubuntu is Linux based OS. The user interface of Ubuntu is very fantastic and very user friendly. It has desktop icons and one can work on four different screens. It also has cloud storage facility. Just create the account and save everything in cloud. Updates are released frequently. Some applications included in Ubuntu are GIMP image editor, Mozilla Firefox, libre office and so on. It also includes online services and integration of broadcast is also provided.

FreeBSD

FreeBSD is highly advanced operating system that is mostly preferred by developers of networking because it provides highly advanced networking, security, compatibility features and performance. It is AMD 64 compatible and is also x86 compatible. Many of the Linux binaries are capable of running on FreeBSD. One of the highly advanced features ofFreeBSD also includes support for encryption software, secure shells, Kerberos authentication, “virtual servers”.

OpenSolaris

OpenSolaris is also one of the most used operating system world-wide. OpenSolaris is developed by Sun Microsystems. It not only runs well on desktops, laptops but also it has great efficiency to run on the platforms like servers and data centers. The user interface is based on somewhat Ubuntu and it has great graphical desktop that helps in easy navigation. It is free of cost. The file system is ZFS. It can be downloaded from the official website of Oracle.

Debian

Debian is the free open source operating system that is developed under Debian project which is a group of lot of people that have a common goal to create free operating system. Debian uses the kernel of Linux or FreeBSD to operate. If we look at the history at Debian then we can see that it all started from august 1993 and the leader of the association was Ian Murdock. Initially it was having only few developers who were basically hackers but slowly and gradually many developers were attracted and now people from all over the world contribute to create it. Communication is done through mails and IRC channel. The best part of Debian is its user interface and it can support almost every personal computers including the older ones also. So one must try this OS in his old system.

RED HAT

Red Hat is one of the most trusted flavors of Linux and it has really given the open source technology a new platform. It is the world’s foremost provider of open source solutions. It has its own community that work under various aspects like high-performing cloud, storage, Linux, virtualization, and middleware technologies. It includes Libre Office and various data base applications. It comes with KVM virtualization that allows to run windows application on the Linux desktop. So it’s really amazing and has lot more features.

So that’s all about the top open source operating system and I think if anyone wants to take a different experience of working in desktop then try these amazing operating system.

TRAI Is Open to Face Questions and Suggestions before Actual Auction

Last Thursday the telecom regulatory board had begun the much-awaited consultation process to determine the reserve prices for the radio waves mainly in the 90MHz and 1800MHzs band across the India’s 22 telecom circles.

The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India, most commonly known as Trai, has itself put forward a set of 28 important questions upon its stakeholders. It has also maintained that it will determine the process of valuing the spectrum based on the responses to these questions before determining the reserve prices for each telecom circle in another round.

It is also to be noted that the spectrum in 18 out of 22 telecom service areas for 900MHz and 1800MHz mainly used by the GSM service providers is reaching it validity expiry. Therefore, the auction is highly important for those telecom service providers as their spectrum bundled licenses are it end.

Spectrum Availability

As per the information released by the Trai, it is believed that the spectrum distribution in 900MHZ is tricky because band varies from 4.4MHz to 15.6 in different circles. Another worrying point in distribution is that the available spectrum was highly fragmented and non contiguous in nature.

DoT had placed 385MHz of airwaves in 1800MHz and 46MHz in the 900Mhz band for the eminent auction in February. Another essential thing to remember is that all available spectrum in 800MHz band is primarily used by the CDMA operators which is applicable for across all the 22 telecom service circles. This would also be place open for the auction as demanded by the MTS for long time to make it competitive and in order to create level field for new players as well.

Process

Trai expects that the stakeholders would be able to send in their comments and suggestion by September 8. These comments would be placed in the public domain to maintain the transparency in auction process. Another week would also be given to the stakeholder to make or give any counterpoints or suggestions to the received responses. Trai would also be holding up an open house to batter away the issues if any raised by the mobile operators, consumers or any other interest groups. If everything goes as planned,then government would be able to hold the auction of telecom waves by February next and the process of selecting an auctioneer would begin from Mid-August.

Estimate Yield from Auction

The official estimate of the yield from auction is over Rs. 30,000 crore.

How the Major Telecom Faring

Some of the major telecom companies are looking quite grim at the prospect of auction as their licenses are almost at its expiry and the market buzzed with multiple players vying for the same telecom service areas.

Bharti Airtel four licenses, Idea Cellular and Reliance Telecom seven licenses and Vodafone’s six licenses are up for renew in December 2015.

Block Size for Auction

The capping of the block size for auction is 1MHz for 900MHz band and 500Hz I the 1800MHz block. But there is another critical point that is whether the spectrum should be auctioned in the contiguous blocks of 5MHz each or not. This would be highly damaging for some telecom circles like Bengal where block size is 1.8 MHz in 1800MHz. If such a step is taken then the telecom services providers would be forced to close their GSM service.

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